Handling Notes – Avro York C.1

 

These notes have been adapted from AP2484 Pilot’s Notes, York C1, to suit the requirements of FS9

 

Check list before take off

 

The aircraft is overweight; reduce the fuel quantity in Centre tank to 472 gallons

 

Fuel Management

 

Immediately on boarding the aircraft, and before starting the engines the Pilot/Co-pilot must switch the tank selector cocks from the OFF to either No.1 or 2 tanks. Pilots must read the notes on in flight fuel control at the end of this section.

 

 

Trim: apply       -1.0 trim to push nose down.

 

Air intake: Cold (Radiator Shutters) – not yet available

 

Prop speed: Fully forward (Ctrl F3 – set to full when a/c loads)

 

Fuel: Engine fuel cocks ON, tank selector as desired, cross feed cock OFF (not on your version)

 

Fuel Boost pump: ON for Centre 1 and Centre 3 (not on your version)

 

Flaps: 25 degrees DOWN

 

Take Off and Climb (BOAC Pax Fit) 

 

(i)                  Open the throttles to about zero boost against the brakes to see that engines are responding evenly.  Throttle back, release brakes, and open throttles gently, checking the tendency to swing to port by advancing the port throttles slightly ahead.  This will give as good a take off as taking off against the brakes, and renders it easier to correct the swing. 

(ii)                The controls on the throttle overhead are unusual; throttles down towards the panel for full throttle; ditto for prop rpm, this is how they were on the real thing. You will find it much easier to use the throttle control on your stick and Ctrl F2/Ctrl F3 for rpm.  The prop rpm can be adjusted using the mouse wheel. Back towards you for rpm reduction and forwards for increased rpm.  To achieve cruising speed trim (0 pitch and 0 on trim wheel) it may be necessary to use the finer control afforded by the Ctrl F2/F3 keys since the mouse wheel method is a little coarse.

(iii)               Suggest you do your first few take offs from an outside (side on view).  This is the procedure.  Hands on your stick, at around 80 mph IAS the tail will come up and the stick will go forward (Force Feed Sticks).  When the tail is parallel to the ground at around 105 mph IAS (92 knots using Shift ZZ) gently ease the stick back to a maximum pitch up of 4 degrees, (easy to ground the tail) and she will come off at around 123 mph (108 knots).  The Pilot’s Notes for take off say ‘ease the aircraft off the ground at NOT LESS than 105 mph IAS’.  Switch to cockpit view.

(iv)              Keep the climb very shallow and bring the gear up, as the under carriage comes up adjust trim to about 1.0 Nose UP. Maintain shallow climb while she accelerates. At 500 feet AGL bring up the flaps (watch out for nose drop). Counter nose drop with gentle back pressure on the stick, and add a little more nose up trim. (flaps up safety speed is 135 mph).  Reduce the rpm to 2850 and then the boost, by 1000 feet you must be at 9” boost or less.  Keep an eye on your climb rate while cutting boost and rpm; if your climb rate is too high when carrying out this procedure you may loose too much speed.  Start dialling in nose up trim to 1.4 (2nd Click) and centralise the stick; feeling for stick neutral position.  She is remarkably stable and provided you have stick neutral will climb hands off.  Climb (Max Range) is at 7” boost 2650 rpm and 160 mph, she wallows a bit and then settles and will give you a climb rate of about 320 feet per minute – 690 using 9” boost.  If you find that your speed is consistently below the 160mph figure, and the climb rate a little high check that your stick is fully in the NEUTRAL position

(v)                Cruising speed is 180 mph IAS, reducing to 175 when you have used 1000 gals of fuel (7200 pounds in proper weights). Cruising at 10000 feet is 7” boost and about 2053 rpm, reduce prop rpm as fuel is burned off to maintain the correct speed.   Some of your passengers might feel rather unwell at this altitude (non pressurised a/c) so with pax cruise at less than 10000 feet.  At 9500 feet you will need around 2053 rpm.  The aircraft is quite sensitive to small elevator inputs; you may find that at the 180 mph IAS cruising speed the trim with autopilot on shows a small amount of trim (-0.1 or +0.1).  For plus trim, a small nudge back on the stick should put things right, the reverse for negative trim.

(vi)              Feathering switches work, after engaging the feather button, turn off the master fuel cock (pilots side panel – pull em back for off) and then switch off the magnetos. Do NOT operate the ignition switch as this controls all engines.

 

Settings for Climb

 

Max performance climb –  160 mph AIS, with 9” boost and 2850 rpm trim is second click of 1.4. This on the M24 will give a climb of around 690 feet/min.

 

Max Range climb – 160 mph IAS with 7” boost and 2650 rpm trim slightly less than that given above.  Yields climb of around 320 feet/min .

 

Comfort climb – 175 mph IAS with 7” boost and 2650 rpm give around 200 feet/min

 

Notes. You may find it impossible to get exactly 9” and 7” boost, go for the nearest above ditto for the rpm.

 

Engine Limits

 

Take Off and Max Boost 16” at 3000 rpm up to 10000 feet altitude

 

Max Climb Boost 9” at 2850 rpm with 1 hour continuous limit

 

Max continuous boost 7” at 2650 rpm

 

Range

 

For an aircraft with full tanks and max weight (63,000); using the max range settings, range for the climb and cruise will be approx 1950 nautical miles flying at 10000 feet. This can be increased a little by flying between 8 and 9000 feet.

 

Fuel Control

 

Take off may be made using either No 1 or 2 fuel tanks. However, the recommended method is as follows.

 

Start the flight on Nos. 1 tanks; after about 1 hour of flying switch to the No. 2 tanks and begin transferring fuel from the centre tank to the No. 1 tanks. Monitor the gauges carefully as the transfer pump cut off can sometimes fail, resulting in fuel loss as the No 1 tanks overfill. Continue to fly on the No 2 tanks until sufficient fuel has been used to allow the transfer of all fuel from the No 3 tanks. Switch back to No 1 tanks and turn on the No 3 tank transfer pump, monitor the No 2 fuel tanks for overfilling. Fly on the No 1 tanks until sufficient fuel has been used to empty the centre tank, switch to No 2 tanks and transfer the remaining fuel in the centre tank. Remain on the No 2 tanks and run them dry; finish flight on the No 1 tanks.

Approach and Landing

These notes have been taken from the original Pilot’s Notes. I do not have the skills in FS to check them out; so users should view them as a guide rather than a rule.

 

Check List before landing

 

Reduce speed to 170 mph

 

Flaps to 20 degs down on circuit

 

Undercarriage down, prop rpm controls fully forward; flaps to full down on final approach.

 

Approach speeds         45000 lbs                     55000

Engine assisted             110 mph                       120mph

Glide                            120                              130

 

And that’s all it says – reckon the beam approach will give a clue to boost/rpm settings

 

Beam Approach

 

 

Preliminary

Approach

Inner Marker

On QDR

Outer Marker

On QDM

Inner Marker

On QDM

Indicated height

Feet

1500

1500

600

100

Action

Lower u/c

Lower flaps

25 deg

Lower flaps

Fully

Increase rpm

To 2850

Resultant change

Of trim

Slight nose

Down

Strong nose up

Slight nose up

 

IAS MPH

175

145

135

120

RPM

2200

2650

2650

2850

Boost PSI level

Flight

+3

+3

+6

 

Boost PSI

(-500 ft/min)

0

0

0

0

Boost

Overshoot

 

 

 

+12

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Remarks Use all 4 throttles together to regulate rate of descent

 

Overshoot: retrim and climb at 130-140 mph. U/C up, flaps UP in stages ABOVE 500 feet.  Retrim, adjust boost and rpm.